e) sand, gravel, and stone, geology 1301 - natural hazards & disasters, Combo with "Miller Ch 10 Geology Processes, H, Applications and Investigations In Earth Science, Dennis G. Tasa, Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens. 1. stop input and let nature remove it - easy but slow d) the abundance of ice in the north and south polar regions, c) the position of the hydrogen atoms on one side of the molecule, Vertical intrusions are refereed to as? Well Construction 8. d) dry wash c) depends b) the water table intersect, or is higher than, the surface in many lakes d) is constant from one type of material to another, a) controls the amount of water that can be sorted, which of the following aquifers require a low permeability zone above it or below it? d) blowing salt crystals become incorporated into clouds and falls with the rainfall, c) weathering of rocks releases chemical elements that make the oceans salty, which of the following are true about how a stream erodes material? b) playa It originates as rainfall or snow, and then moves through the soil into the groundwater system, where it eventually makes its way back to surface streams, lakes, or oceans. a) mountain ranges intercept wind and water affecting rainfall amounts a) well sorted sandstone The porosity is also lower if the sediment is poorly sorted, because small grains can occupy the spaces between larger grains (Figure 14b). c) cement d) some parts that are reddish and others that are not c) medium grained granite d) gravity 37. b) quartz does not weather and so it keeps the granite from weathering c) wave cut notches and platforms that are above sea level 5. collapses pore space and Porosity is the percentage of void space in a rock. c) changes in the isotopic composition of marine shells d) shale c) mudcracks are formed in deep water environments where sand and mud can be deposited in thin layers The volume of water that fills the void spaces is assumed to represent the volume available to flowing groundwater, VI. e) both a and b, c) the surface area increase as the rock is fractured, what is the common rock that can be dissolved by water and weak acids? 1. the number of conduits or pathways between pore spaces, layer that separates a water resource (aquifer) in the earth so that the water can't get through it, groundwater that is accessible as a water resource, A material of low porosity and permeability that greatly slows the movement of ground water, A body of rock that will not transmit water at all, The boundary (top) of the saturated zone of groundwater and the unsaturated zone, top of the groundwater system b) rates of seafloor spreading compared to the width of the Atlantic ocean e) a and b only, where does the quartz in granite usually end up? a) oceans e) all of the above are ways fossils can be preserved, e) all of the above are ways fossils can be preserved, To what does the term evolution refer? 2. subsidence and compaction of the aquifer a) a great thickness of oceanic sediment trapped within the central rift Khalil and Monterio Santos (2009) analyzed the groundwater saturation relation with aquifer resistivity and hydraulic conductivity from Kozeny-Carman (KC) and Archie's second law. d) Transform c) huge shield volcano c) groundwater Dividing both sides of Darcy's law (Equation 1) by A gives: where q is the specific discharge, the volume of water flowing through unit cross-sectional area, i.e. 3. a change in direction of groundwater flow b) debris flow c) glaciers depress the land surface which pulls sea level down with it d) all of the above d) prettiness, a mineral property that can be observed without using a test is: d) all of the above, Which of the following is evidence that Earth's history is not short? C. This dissolution widens cracks into caves or caverns. Eventually it emerges back to the land surface, into rivers, and into the oceans to keep the water cycle going. b) the surface area does not change because the volume does not change b) lakes For each numbered arrow in Figure 2, here is my geology question These figures show the eight planets of our Solar System. defined at body of water at that location e) the ash and pumice were hot and became compared, Which of the following is the best example of heat transfer by conduction? c) hardness b. HF\mathrm{HF}HF will have a lower vapor pressure at 50C-50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}50C than HBr\mathrm{HBr}HBr. e) all of the above, which of the following environments would likely have large clasts? d) the lava flow forms lava tubes, Hazards associated with basaltic lava flows and eruptions are: a) the depth to which wave action extends The initial porosity of carbonate rock significantly affected the increase in dissolution-induced porosity. Material with angular-shaped edges has more open space and can hold more water. c) the present is the key to the past c) floods from catastrophic melting of ice c) using satellites to observe the sea floor surface b) the distribution of hard and soft rocks d) large, angular, poorly sorted clasts reflect a large amount of transportation One type of secondary porosity is fracture porosity, caused by cracks in rocks (Figure 14f). e) two glaciers that cross. c) seamounts e) none of these, which of the following is not one of the main families of rocks? water goes to reduce pressure. a) mid ocean ridge a) the tendency of the continents on a spinning globe to be thrown outward Permeability is a physical property of. 3 Groundwater Occurrence in Earth Materials, 4 Darcys Law, Head, Gradient and Hydraulic Conductivity, Representing Hydraulic Head Distributions, Primary and Secondary Hydraulic Conductivity, The Role of a Water Budget in Formulating Models, Application of Flow Equations (Unconfined Aquifer Flow Between Water Bodies), Example Numerical Application of Flow Equations to a Dewatering Problem, Gradient and Flow Directions in Isotropic Material, Flow Directions at Interfaces of Differing Hydraulic Conductivity, Developing Potentiometric Maps and Cross Sections, Memphis Sand Aquifer, Memphis Tennessee, USA, Unconfined Aquifer in East Helena, Montana, USA, Hydrogeologic Properties of Earth Materials and Principles of Groundwater Flow, Next: 3.3 Primary and Secondary Porosity. Permeability takes this pore space and connects the voids together so that water can pass through. Porosity determines the amount of water that a rock or sediment can contain. d) all of the above c) deposition and burial c) the lava flow breaks apart as it flows a) shallow seas that are relatively free of suspended sediment a) halides c) wind d) strike-slip c) 100 mill from confined aquifer a) adding water to a slope a) there are more pieces but the surface area does not change Lassen, A hot spot is interpreted to have formed from: b) cattle ranching c) mid-ocean ridge a) quartzite c) beach along and ocean or lake b) turbulence of the water is less important than the temp, which affects viscosity e) a and b only. e) continental shelves, which of the following parts of the seafloor are the shallowest ? a) a line that connects the peaks and valleys of an area a) the Colorado river D. all of the above Which of the following is true about how a lake can relate to the water table? b) channel of a meandering river Porosity (how well rock material holds water) is also affected by the shape of rock particles. d) all of the above which of the following best explains what a contour line is? c) a lake can gain water if it is lower then the water table in areas adjacent to the lake d) flooding An estimated 77 billion gallons per day of fresh groundwater was pumped in the United States in 1995, which is about 8 percent of the estimated 1 trillion gallons per day of natural recharge to the Nation's groundwater resources. d) prevailing wind direction b) Africa and North America collided to form the Appalachian Mountains d) no waves, what time period do we currently live in? Both are related to the number, size, and connections of openings in the rock. a) waterfalls e) we use all of these techniques, what is associated with reversed magnetic polarity? a) rain drops from via the process of evaporation a) how environments are shifted in location through time c) P waves b) volcanic eruptions e) all of the above are reasons why rain forests are disappearing, e) all of the above are reasons why rain forests are disappearing, where do most deserts and arid lands occur: d) a sharp contrast between two rock types The part that continues downward through the soil until it reaches rock material that is saturated is groundwater recharge. Calculate the following. The permittivity measures the obstruction produces by the material in the formation of the electric field, whereas the permeability is the ability of the material to allow magnetic lines to conduct through it. b) sandstone b) quaternary d) marine terraces A. d) water cannot erode unless it is carrying sediment a) to dissolve half of the atoms in the lattice In the case of groundwater, that material is the ground. d) a gradual change in the climate For example, to determine the effective porosity of a granular earth material, a sample volume is collected, allowed to dry completely, and then water is introduced slowly to the base of the sample (so that air can escape from the top). This determines how easy it is for water to flow from one pore to the next. b) lithosphere which of the following is a principle to interpret relative ages? The unsaturated zone, immediately below Aquifer Parameters 4. Groundwater is used for drinking water by more than 50 percent of the people in the United States, including almost everyone who lives in rural areas. a) scratched and polished bedrock In some permeable materials groundwater may move several meters in a day; in other places, it moves only a few centimeters in a century. e) Kentucky, Alabama, Tennessese, what are some ways that geology controls ecology? Here is a sample run of the program: Which of the following statements is(are)* true*? b) a great variety of rock types as clasts d) whether water runs off the land or sinks into the ground mimics in a subdued way the topography of the earth's surface. Study: Third of Big Groundwater Basins in Distress b) a pyroclastic flow d) solidification and uplift, Of Earth's four overlapping spheres, which of the following does not involve material above Earth's surface? b) the rock cooled quickly The soil moisture content can also be expressed in percent of volume. 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