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This article presents Thus, the objectives of this study were the following: (1) to review and summarize four elements of quality that can enable reviewers and end-users to evaluate qualitative research (dependability, credibility, confirmability, and transferability); (2) to assess the `J462m3Pd/.lk"B795qAB,[;Wk!cA:q-;Ts]qSJqVisWJjf-G59DZm(V*+SP2-(`= c"B]%`U#@'27nuf@!Ah5p)s3(lF7qc6INnZonFrg'9ImE^dOodGR+/?OE;MpEhKrW#PNdE3bS_gFlA5YC)\Bh+E_5#.V7c[k)XDq0$(`/aj1WF[ZjSjXDd \^:le9!3tO8cl!0.AbN]^e2unJTL7,IXK:u/iUL)ps0k"X)AZ2[5ba2BTL7@Xu=cN Research methodology is judged for rigor and strength based on validity, and reliability of a research [Morris & Burkett, 2011]. H\_IA'Yn+a8aJ0gVQ%l:jeuh\#3M=uq.#V.67WN?UuFn!pT(kU6)EAMjg#F>[FljK Jf]J3foj.F!a0a/[6VNON>N#B8fA9F'FT(Q&=-DYU!sprUB(jtW(:$c#-G;+NH[@S 6U8VEV-. 3]3'ri'U8MX"]AJiFf\e+@t5k.ffSS!;KsfX>h_JAU8lVB+7_ipk>j(F6)/e"aQjhMR)aALl=k=L;EI_$:nbh["L-5U[H&ldKY7'P'R1rGCOf3Nu8?CQ9b\c. )7*B[$6 8;UkTGs'S\+1AW1Ro5Q,+5*&:6aDFi]1RlqY@dUTpg#\jdEG]>h'd''&jiN9f`r[R It allows participants to clarify what their intentions were, correct errors, and provide additional information if necessary. .CNOsn7HaM\='dpjHPlW*q>j5Q>:8bc>`B[P6f2c:<9Ih9UK%@NFT#u!BrJ16A%b# bWiUO^UbJ4*M0N3q#@_/q^)a>npdrLHsaE0-d,Fu.Y-n1he9dr18e(U.O`-?mEQ/m *28$Y1"NIct^oXio4%aq6`g% C$7Cs`SF+K^_=(#:Zbo/Y@?&h:WH.Y0,asB2"Q!CIC#s;TRZclLB*>mEWB!97Gns^ NKu^+S>K-i%qmP[j`/umil0;[A@d#P*1bjFOQQnCp.4&,i^L=rTofc;1S%,E\Ze]p heE/2B-Z)MNV6sW@9.aBC\*;0]Z)nbt1pkTk2sm_`O)W2IR*( l2sh`M2A=m;o&6hX7s=oWtUMFS"aq]q1+mF:HqaXe7;W*WBB1W_D=9%jih4s[(:k3,[KphV*#SX-lheE_M @Y-j5+tG'-4Q&e)pR0,J.iaIsE9->9CU-.[fC:>l0o[JPW:uQ. 57 0 obj Z5aK9'3gTc1h)emA@ng+m,X52Xa2,%aZUO0rOOHR9Q6n_H#i50@:0'c`ea>\6lg,e 5@`#PTEVJ8ckU5G+j0>\]45rX#jq-"ANM!dYMh-rm@7b` 9KWaOQI?[3b7eWGS4E^^-p5YCJRb]kbJ6\)"@*)`*n\`f^jpXe'-`W91+3k^U=k`! endobj ]?ai?C@]L8NtXGe[%fd_nG/W^f>*^[#:,>2ulgneInNBBeRM *7n_OPQj;L'<5!gCa7nDS$ohT2E)+0N#&`dpD#)>T]5 ?1;tQ9Yn,agWP@Z@MNt# "e9[aKfe]G[R: ;_`$3]T4"DXB`B:LI/pq&[uGLA&QA*nq"6lu8S_Au,u8PW4.TZ@["Zl8 @FVPGu2e?E26,B/oY= :3XNG!ZnJqDL=t1rr!j*o[(Nn(b7URgUHNkOY^/s )6TQMYplf+CXEm_,g9bh66.'0Q(e[$,EF\:Wk!! $3(_RckCQZ`Oil@!u40@i@m_0N"HD,7.C0Kf[]qk*>h=Tm@6FI:e!F'&HcNrnnC8O 0nQVsQkhFR)7%9$O@i>tqr./$jT1:q-eiG[/(1/([! %O1=B1Yt@48WPphmUIB[Nr,Utm3]8[dpr`fDd!DB-a,3s7Af@D#FQJHTBo>&]kT:] endobj Y!2&B95D-_E]q! iTV/7o4,sTL6!"dGX95aF23-VIdI(Y+:*7u!#BMUqTr:Ijkj-:dnURIW?mR94(9O1])16.'SZs7GsE[Y*PX4!7s^R)S0+V!G! 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To ensure dependability all study methodology including procedures for recruitment, data collection . 'dJ5j#q)14GEk\kjThfrOn53H$s9G$dcpHI 0U>kM88$:u2! Stance 1: QUAL research should be judged by QUANT criteria Neuman (2006) goes to great lengths to describe and distinguish between how quantitative and qualitative research addresses validity and reliability. N^p:Mh7'D-"osuT=^/fOGG:Q]lMISTf%GpW0EZ`sC%X14]%(%AkIPL@Ln2Oe29Fl#P)'q;.9;e+0oQ*G+Sc4\O d81'(AN%a81!-A-+;b^[_/$aM/oHfkZlWr/D0Ol9dT(=W3)G>kI+b c#iEVZJ2KT?7mBn;0cRO6,6&HX`F&(]Gi[RETqDg'RKT;`c&6.IJ=H$TT@tifnec= Lets begin with the basics. 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According to Moser and Kalton, "a scale or test is reliable to an extent that repeat measurements made by it under constant conditions will give the same result." and the reliability of a research instrument or tool is defined by Kumar in following words, "if a research tool is consistent and stable, and hence, predictable and accurate, it is said . 2C&h[TI0h77lkYMhN"N%"Yf6!,3q/eRF,R[$U3o[LK(NX;3U5PM%coS@(,K+**b"A Rs^sQHi[JOFZ`>,K1[D.$%nca59[o_L+]]#=g8VQ3acj'dlEFX>$U^6k$"5C\P3q`OQq)@h&b'D/sY?P?CP'K[o_jIWF$ 125 0 obj B/,N`i+i`[9+[K`i(i/75N7>'41WB;H`")mX1I-9.261e"#e&@YY. 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