Created by Confucius, who according to tradition was a thinker, political figure, and educator.Confucius talked about his vision of a more perfect society in which rulers, subject,nobles,commoners,parents,children,men, and women should graciously accept the roles assigned to them. Which past will you use as a model? assume youre on board with our, https://graduateway.com/confucianism-daoism-and-legalism-essay/. Confucianism, Daoism, And Legalism Teaching Resources | TPT Browse confucianism, daoism, and legalism resources on Teachers Pay Teachers, a marketplace trusted by millions of teachers for original educational resources. What are they. With this being said, Li Si also acknowledges that there are many people who criticize Legalism, branching out to other schools such as Confucianism and Daoism. In Daoism, the individual improves himself through examination of himself and universal energy, and the reward is mainly in the next life,, Confucianism and Legalism were two philosophies developed by scholars as solutions to a period of disorder in China. HWM0+|Lz*G@`H1!`Wk? Confucius explains about the way (Dao) which he believed, that if the people accepted its terms and were willing to abide, they would succeed in creating a utopian society. Confucius urged to lead the people with virtue and rituals as opposed to government policies and punishment. Daoism (Taoism) is all about interacting with the society and the world as it already is. It is within this document that he tried to teach men how to be gentlemen. People no longer wanted to believe in the Mandate of Heaven. endstream endobj 18 0 obj <> endobj 19 0 obj <>stream The purpose of this ruling was to get the people of china to follow the rule, and if they didnt there was a very harsh punishment. The four major religions of the Far East are Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism . to 600 C.E. As the empire developed, family units and social classes remained stagnant. Its political doctrines include governing the country with strict and cruel laws autocratically. Modern-day Statement Ancient Chinese Philosophy and Why "Laws are created to maintain order. You may use it as a guide or sample for Since there were wide margins for different interpretations, there was much room for corruption; thus the Legalist adhered to a strict, written code of law which was made public. 0000067867 00000 n Likewise, Daoism disliked the emphasis of status being displayed in the political realm. Author's Note: Sources: Interview with my History teacher. By the beginning of the Common Era, another philosophy emerges and gains wide acceptance among the commoners. Follow us onTwitter,Facebook, orPinterest. Confucianism is the philosophy that would be the most stable comparing to Legalism and Daoism. 0000001399 00000 n Confucius shaped philosophy in ancient China, but his philosophies weren't the only ones. Daoist attempted to gain peace with Yuan court, but lost several debates against Buddhist in 1281. He believed that the ruler should gain respect through his deeds rather that achieving it through his status and authority. Legalism is a theory of autocratic, centralized rule and harsh penalties. A Qin state official, he reorganized the state under the Qin leader Duke Xiao. Unfortunately, Confucius died in 479B.C.E., before such a change ever took place. Also, I believe he didn't have the power to punish them severely as he wasn't anyone of high strength, especially during the warring states period, 600 BCE - 600 CE Second-Wave Civilizations, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/compare-confucianism-daoism-legalism-short-summary-611154, https://www.quora.com/Confucius-What-is-the-difference-between-Confucianism-and-legalism. Outside of China, he is called Confucius. Both religions are founded around the same time. It shows that he wanted peace. Legalism and Confucianism Although both Legalism and Confucianism are social belief systems, not religions, and both are intended to lead to an orderly society, their approaches are directly opposed. Confucianism/Legalism was the best way to rule the society. Direct link to KingW2019's post It depends on what the me, Posted 2 years ago. It depends on what the meaning of the word "better" is. However, the system gained a rotten reputation according to the ruthless rule of the First Emperor. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. 03 Handout 1 *Property of STI. While legalism worked in the short term to unite China, most believed that it was not a philosophy that could be sustained in the long term. Confucianism also taught that those . Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism were 3 philosophies. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. It is the second important philosophy from the Warring States Period, and it is based on the theory of the Tao Te Ching, which was written by Laozi during the late Spring and Autumn Period. a4. Of his followers, Mencius and Xunzi became one of the most renown. Detail from a wall fresco in a Han Dynasty tomb, depicting Confucius. 0000029199 00000 n It also believes that education was important for self and society. The first Chinese ruler to claim his throne came directly from heaven. Need a custom essay sample written specially to meet your Most people there have blended beliefs - they believe in proper conduct (Confucianism) the power and importance of the state (Legalism), they believe in many spirits and ghosts of ancestors (Folk religion) while maintaining the importance of the middle way and thrive to escape from Samsara. In my reasoning, I find that Confucianism and Daoism could be paralled in many ways to find several common grounds. These policies unlike Confucianism were more reform-oriented and innovative. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Confucianism is the philosophy that would be the most stable comparing to Legalism and Daoism. Literary works include the Tao Te Ching, the Zhuangzi, and the Liezi. 50 0 obj <>stream All matter contains both positive and negative qualities. While the previous two believed that politics should be very minimal, Legalism asked for a strict code of law and an emphatic enforcement of it.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'benjaminbarber_org-box-4','ezslot_8',107,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-benjaminbarber_org-box-4-0'); Former ages did not all have the same teachings. While the goal of legalism is a good one, the militant measures used to enforce it were not well accepted by the people who were considered anti-social and of need of extreme government leadership. startxref Legalism stressed a strong central government that expressed harsh laws while Confucianism had a decentralized government, placing trust in conscientious and learned individuals to work together to solve political issues. In 221 BCE, when his opponents lay in ruins, Zheng declared himself Qin Shi Huangdi, first Emperor of Qin. Many practices were continued throughout generations. ), whose masterpiece is "The Classic of the Virtue of the Tao." He believes the dialectical philosophy of inaction. While time is moving on, if laws do not shift accordingly, there will be misrule; while abilities are divers, if prohibitions are not changed, the state will be dismemberedIndeed, if the state is orderly, the people are safe; if affairs are confused, the country falls into perilYet everybodys likes and dislikes should be regulated by the superior. K}1sHw#F0+m@ }T}/sXLw_(|1E >G{P^">;&{HA9&ujCrs^u^d@bW@b2Sub*i( #[15'* eC>(>RAmi5fxSa@hH{@^@E@Uk8!%spRf Review key features of Confucianism, and compare and contrast the tenets . When I think of Daoism I think of Winnie the pooh, Ying Yang, and the painting of the 3 sages. On the other hand, one of the main philosophies that show continuity is, One continuity of Mandate of Heaven was when it caused peasant rebellions, and peasants rising up by declaring the Mandate of Heaven. 0000005746 00000 n Legalists struggled to improve the human lifestyle by noble examples, education, and moral/righteousness laws or rules. Once the emperor died, people began to dissent and voice their opinions of being treated in such a manner. In ancient china there were two widely different philosophes being so excepted within the same culture. But let's rewind the tape to about a century and a half earlier to understand a key influence on the Qin Dynasty: Legalism. Almost all crimes had similar, harsh punishments. Many Chinese rulers drew upon Confucian principles. Even though the two systems had different concepts about the way, the common denominator of both schools was to achieve total harmony in society. Confucianism was started by Kung Fuzi (We know him as Confucius, but his name actually meant "Kung the philosopher"). They all had a different way of teaching but all of them wanted to end the conflicts in China. Direct link to Asad kanada's post it was very famous in chi, Posted 4 years ago. People accepted one another and began to accept the governments rule. What is the Dao? If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. By the 12th century, Confucianism had evolved into a rigid philosophy that calls for preserving heavenly laws and repressing human desires. Status was only gained through military efforts one had to join the military in order to receive a high rank. For example, the founder of. Confucius taught the importance of four virtues: sincerity, benevolence, filial piety and propriety. Direct link to Tramiyah Hervey's post Although the philosophies, Posted 2 years ago. Confucianism is based on the thought that education, history, structure, rules and regulation will lead to achievement and becoming fully human. In this period, the Qin state, which would later become the Qin Dynasty, attempted to unite the people and establish order from chaos. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Be sure to provide an explanation for linking each statement to a philosophy in complete sentences. At one point, in order to try to limit the power of Confucianism and promote the power of the emperor he served, Li Si prohibited history education and called for a period of book burning. His most famous achievements included the construction of the Great Wall to protect the newly unified state from barbarian invaders and the creation of a universal system of writing. In light of these numerous battles, the dominant view of human nature during this time was pretty bleak. They also believed a powerful government is the key to organized society/social order. Buddhism arose in India, and eventually spread to and influenced China after the fall of the Han Dynasty. This held that humans are inherently bad and need to be kept in line by a strong state. 0000001834 00000 n requirements? Finally Chinese art, at this time it was decorative, and stressed careful detail and craftsmanship., Confucianism and Daoism are two of the most influential schools of thought in ancient China. An intense focus on conscripting troops and increasing agricultural production had turned the state of Qin into a military powerhouse by the third century BCE. Such extreme measures were taken by the government in order to scare others from committing the same crime. Pharapreising and interpretation due to major educational standards released by a particular educational institution as well as tailored to your educational institution if different; Confucianism was started by Kung Fuzi (We know him as Confucius, but his name actually meant "Kung the . This change in power structure gave the ruler of Qin, rather than feudal lords, direct control over the lives of people. His teachings, which he had passed on to his followers/students, include the Analects. Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism are the three pillars of Chinese philosophy and have influenced all thinking and actions in China since their inception. The Era of Warring states was two hundred years of violent fighting.8 The Qin Dynasty rose from the confusion, establishing an organized government and preceding to unify China for the first time. us: [emailprotected]. Xunzi provides a more elaborate explanation. (Image: Kevinsmithnyc via Wikimedia Commons). It gave very different answers to the problems of order and good government that either Confucianism or Taoism. If humans followed these rules, philosophers argued, then the state and its authority would be strengthened. However, each was different and thus had different results. It asked for a light government and asked for a ruler that portrayed a serving attitude. Laozi explains: For minds, the depth is good. 9 42 Its view of economics is to reward agriculture, but restrain commerce. Graduateway.com is owned and operated by Radioplus Experts Ltd trailer Therefore, when the people are naive, if you regulate them with fame, there will be good government; when everybody in the world is intelligent, if you discipline them with penalties, they will obey. Legalism. Today is the first day of the rest of your week. Registration number: 419361 Which rituals will you follow? Unlike Confucianism, however, Daoism eventually developed into a self-conscious religion, with an organized doctrine, cultic practices, and institutional leadership. _6{QrUPcVIH2(n\ EYP$OsT^VeVqW{XvP[QZ*rUa %%r:4OEUUUIe.l9TkUt(hY4iu(&_-78Z&E{ Direct link to BunnyXL's post Anyone know how to answer, Posted 4 months ago. Daoism itself follows The Way, a mysterious force that requires people to behave in such a way to keep the universe in balance. A ruler has to be everything he wants his people to be: intelligent, patient, graceful - you get the idea. Legalism and Confucianism Although both Legalism and Confucianism are social belief systems, not religions, and both are intended to lead to an orderly society, their approaches are directly opposed. The principle that fortune relies on misfortune; misfortune hides in fortune is also a key concept. Legalism believed that such aspects should have no role in the government. Confucius also displayed many virtues such as integrity and a sense of duty. On the other hand, Confucianism consisted of roles that were to be assumed by family members in an ideal society. The Qin and the Han each contributed to the growth of Chinas culture and expansion. By the end of the second close read, you should be able to answer the following questions: At the end of the third close read, respond to the following questions: Detailed terracotta statues of warriors in various stages of ruin. The idea behind it is that humans need to be connected with "the dao" or "the way of nature." 0000008503 00000 n Both Confucianism and Daoism derive their kernel principals and doctrines from ancient teachers and sacred texts. Harsh punishments such as beating and strict laws were intended to exhibit the immense power of the government, keeping the people from doing any wrong and preventing social disorder. By allowing the people to follow certain rules that prescribed their status obligations while altering the laws created by Legalism, the society ran more smoothly for over two thousand years. Political instability also arrived somewhat after the arrival of Buddhism in China, but that stability was reestablished after 570 C.E. I let go of economics, And people become prosperous. 0000068081 00000 n In the family, the father has the most say, with the eldest son next in line. %%EOF Followers of Confucianism followed the ideas of Confucius; he believed that people should emphasize personal virtue, which included a respect of tradition. To export a reference to this essay please select a referencing style below: Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The aspiring emperor should use these philosophical passages and beliefs to guide his dynasty to follow the moral laws of the Mandate of Heaven. The main literary work is the Han Feizi. Copyright 2023 service.graduateway.com. In the context of a western moral system of values, Taoism seems much more benevolent but Confucianism may have been more beneficial to the Warring States Period by introducing a philosophical system in which order was prioritized over liberty. One such example of this can be found in the Han Feizi document. He stressed the importance of a harsh code of laws and believed that the strength of the ruler depended on the application of these laws along with a strong military to enforce order. The Qin dynasty, for example implemented a strict Legalist government while the Zhou dynasty applied a decentralized Confucianist government, which, as with the Qin dynasty, did not last long. In the family, the father has the most say, with the eldest son next in line. Taoism was created by Lao Zi (around the sixth century B.C. The 246 builds upon the tradition of Robalo's go-anywhere Caymans, a family of bay boats that are just . Peter N. Stearns, Stephen S. Gosch, Erwin P. Grieshaber, Documents in World History Volume 1 (Pearson Longman, 2009), 44. In the short letter Memorial on the Burning of Books Li Si, the emperor's advisor, starts to take notice of a straying from the Legalist government. This essay was written by a fellow student. Its central value is being in harmony with nature, led by the concept of inaction to come into harmony with everything, and to conquer hardship by compromise. Scatter (or hide!) Direct link to distefanon1's post how did legalism, Daoism,, Posted 2 years ago. What can each belief system contribute to a society to make it healthier, more stable, and better for people? It is the first important philosophy from the Warring States Period. Legalism By Bridgette Byrd O'Connor Like Confucianism, Daoism, and Chinese Buddhism, the goal of legalism was to achieve order in Chinese society during a time of unrest. Both are not only ways of thinking, but ways of life. While this is a very dominant idea within the Chinese way of thought, it had a rival, Taoism. East Asian Religions and Belief Systems LEGALISM. Schindler of the East: John Rabe Part 2, Schindler of the East: John Rabe Part 1, The Many Benefits of Egg Soup With Goji Berries and Logan Fruit, Plant Rescuers: The New Face of Ecological Activism, Hope for Humanity: Amazing Stories of Kindness From World War II, Jeans, Jogging, and Other Things Banned Around the World, Praying to God for Miracles: General George Patton, How Blockchain Technology Will Shape the Future, Copyright Policy and Infringement Notification. Characteristics of Chinese Ethics: Practical Focus and Closeness to Pre-theoretical Experience . Confucianism remain loyal to family Confucianism Heaven expects people to behave well Confucianism The Analects Daoism There is no need for government if you live in social harmony Daoism humans are part of nature, not better than it Daoism world is a balance of opposites Daoism Laozi Daoism The Way and Its Power Daoism Subscribe to our Newsletter! Confucian political theory stresses the importance of justice and humaneness. First of all, the goal of Confucianism was to have a society that was peaceful and just. One who does not alter his late fathers [way] for three years may be called filial. Han Feizi introduced the beliefs of Legalism (WS). The great kings did not repeat each other. (WS). The Qin and Han had a different relationship with outsiders because the Qin preferred to keep foreigners out while the Han wanted to build a relationship with them. The Han emperor rejected the philosophy of legalism in favor of Confucianism. Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism were 3 philosophies. Before the beginning of Legalism, judgments were made as the need arose and lacked a set pattern. A. Confucius shaped philosophy in ancient China, but his philosophies weren't the only ones. Direct link to Maxx Anzia's post why is there a lot of wor, Posted a year ago. The Qin and Han Dynasties implemented ideas and philosophies into their government that had never been seen before. Confucianism, Daoism and Legalism are more different regarding their view on society than similar. As a reminder, this should be a quick process! Confucianism resulted from a Chinese philosopher named Kongfuzi (551-479 B. C. E), also known as Confucius, becoming disheartened with the way the government ignored his ideas of how to create a just, harmonious society. The Taoist idea was that one should live in harmony with nature, and by high school, we should all know this definition and be very familiar with it. 0000002467 00000 n All rights reserved. He said Ritual conduct is the perfection of decorumSages comprehend it, gentleman comfortably carries them out, officials preserves them and the common people consider them custom (Ebrey 25). Many of the legalist ideas were quite thought provoking and praiseworthy; they believed in equality for all and government according to merit. How was Legalism a response to conditions in Chinese society during the Warring States Period? 0000010757 00000 n Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism are the three schools of thoughts, which were created around 4 B.C.E and 6 B.C.E. ", Anyone know how to answer: Consider a society that has elements of Legalism, Daoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. Correct writing styles (it is advised to use correct citations) It was he who actually implemented the ideas of the legalists across the growing Qin state. It shows that he wanted peace. This may seem like a contradiction, but it makes sense when you consider the fact that Daoism is a kind of anti-activism; it asserts that the best life is one of willful ignorance, seeking no knowledge and avoiding involvement in politics or public life. Direct link to 's post Here are some definitions, Posted 4 years ago. Daoists believed that if all people ceased striving for glory, riches, and attainment, there would be no war, no envy, and lessened suffering. Memorial contributions in David's honor may be made to Watts Township Wesleyan Church, 55 Circle Drive, Duncannon, PA . Both Daoism and Legalism differ with Confucianism on their outlook of family. Bridgette Byrd OConnor holds a DPhil in history from the University of Oxford and has taught Big History, world history, and AP US government and politics for the past 10 years at the high school level. In. Daoists believed that rather than involve yourself with affairs of state, it is better to keep to your own doings and live simply. The texts that Confucius taught were already ancient in Confucius' time. Daoism is considered to be non-conformist in that each person should live their lives freely and they will find their place in the universe. Self-fulfillment is reached strictly in this life. Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. However, both had similarities facing problems with the administration of good bureaucrats who could really reinforce tight vigorous decisions to help political power run smoothly along with. He was said to be the author of dao-de-jing. 30 statements around your room or even outside! Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism Term 1 / 48 Confucianism Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 48 philosophy/belief system originating in ancient China during the Period of the Warring States which emphasized honoring, respecting, and being loyal to family to create a more ordered society. Peter N. Stearns, Stephen S. Gosch, Erwin P. Grieshaber, Documents in World History Volume 1 (Pearson Longman, 2009), 55-56. During 581 and 1279, China saw the advances in technology in Confucianism, while controlling alike government, structure, and culture. In accordance to Li Si, this is bad for the Qin Dynasty and believes that the practice of such schools could result in a rebellion, Legalism literally meaning School of Law, emphasized strict obedience to the legal system, and its philosophers are considered more utilitarian, not addressing deeper philosophical thoughts like the meaning of life or the nature of life. The three philosophies out there were Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism. Confucianism is the philosophy that would be the most stable comparing to Legalism and Daoism. Confucius believed that well organized society need to have younger ones respect the elders and their parents. Posted 5 years ago. Why did leaders of China seek out the three major schools of thought, Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism? People were not inspired by their leaders, but scared. There you have it: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. There you have it: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. Read the following passage and answer the question. Out of three different thought systems, Legalism was a success in the sense that it achieved what the other two systems desperately strove for the unification of China. Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism are the three pillars of Chinese philosophy and have influenced all thinking and actions in China since their inception. The Qin Dynasty is often credited as the first dynasty to unify China. There was a well-known Chinese writer, Yu Qiuyu, who shared one of his personal experiences World War II was undoubtedly one of the bloodiest episodes of human history. Instead of Confucian social activism, the Daoists devoted their energies to reflection and introspection, hoping to understand the natural principles that governed the world in order to live in harmony with them., Confucianism and Taoism are two Chinese are two of the Chinese popular religions. China, at the time of their instability, was under a Legalist structure enforced by Qin Shihuangdi, and after the fall of the Qin, it was under the Han Dynasty. (164) $4.99. What were some important contributions of Legalism? The Ancient Chinese had interesting ways of thinking. Every individual was considered equal under the law making the system run a state instead of what the ruler deemed fit. Now, lets fast forward to King Zhengs time. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. These three philosophies influenced early Chinese empires; some even became official state ideologies. 0000068367 00000 n This fun activity gets students out of their seats and using QR Readers while they learn about Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism/Taoism, and Legalism. The Master said: When the father is alive, observe the sons intent. Direct link to VaeSapiens's post Philosophy and religious , Posted 5 years ago. Especially in China when the three prodigious dynasties thrived; the Sui, Tang, and Song. Confucianism is the system of political and ethical ideas formulated by the Chinese philosopher Confucius toward the end of the Zhou Dynasty; it was intended. In just over 300 years, there were more than 300 wars fought. Under Qin Shi Huangdi, common people were conscripted into forced labor and punished or disfigured for petty infractions. This means that Confucius wasn't a violent man. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin.